Word building

This list is not complete, but contains the most common examples of related words. Words that do not follow the general pattern are in italic type.

Adjective root: verb –en, noun –ness

root	verb	noun
black bright broad dark deaf deep fat flat fresh glad hard high less light long loose mad quiet red ripe sad sharp short soft stiff straight strong sweet thick tight tough weak white wide	blacken brighten broaden darken deafen deepen fatten flatten freshen gladden harden heighten lessen lighten lengthen loosen madden quieten redden ripen sadden sharpen shorten soften stiffen straighten strengthen sweeten thicken tighten toughen weaken whiten widen	blackness brightness breadth darkness deafness depth fatness flatness freshness gladness hardness height lessening lightness length looseness madness quietness redness ripeness sadness sharpness shortness softness stiffness straightness strength sweetness thickness tightness toughness weakness whiteness width